Safety on the small quarry

Abstract: summarizes the characteristics of the quarry and the existing problems. By improving the response of small and Slate mining and quarry safety significance. About the safety of quarry mining on the importance of further development of the building materials industry.

1 Introduction

With the accelerated construction of urban infrastructure, many continue to start the construction of key projects, to the building materials industry, especially the development of marble quarry opportunities. Meanwhile, the safety production work also appeared in many new situations and new problems, risks appear prominent, production safety situation is grim.

The characteristics of small quarry: small quarry widely distributed, almost all towns in the country has; site workers mostly from rural areas, the relative lack of safety knowledge and ability; operating equipment mostly discarded from mining , the air compressor had never testing and inspection; no corresponding data mining technology; accidents frequently occur; dry cutting eye operations; there are different degrees of dig mining operations; chisel eyes, blasting, dangerous rock processing operations are all high-risk operations; management of blasting equipment rather not standardized; poor safety awareness of employees of luck; site properly, State Road, power lines, houses, etc. in the vicinity of blasting operations; stripping of topsoil piled at random, can easily cause mudslides.

The main risk of small quarries and harmful factors: the collapse, landslide, against objects, falls, blasting, transportation accidents, electrical and mechanical equipment accidents, dust and debris granite.

2, the main small quarry to the question

2.1 quarry sites, the lack of scientific proof and planning deposit

Urban construction projects, requires a lot of gravel material, some building materials resources with the village committee or village group will create a large number of quarries, awarded to the individual business. However, in the process of establishing a quarry, considerable part of the village and villagers groups, do not follow the scientific work on the quarry site and the structure has never been organized ore deposit exploration, reserve its resources, geological safety, mining life to conduct feasibility studies and planning has never been so, hastily, blind exploitation. Some quarry opened in the 70} 80m high Yamane, no exploitation of the standard phases, thus forming the rock mining Longitudinal and dig some of the same drain side of the quarry to allow a number of mining exploration, at the same time, unauthorized transfer of a quarry in private transactions, to the serious safety risks.

2.2 The quality of the operator is not high, the lack of professional and technical personnel

Small quarry in the existing, both private and individual businesses, large differences in the size of these quarries, Nissan, ranging from tens to hundreds of m3 sand and gravel, mining both the manual extraction method, there are semi-mechanized mining. As a considerable part of the operator is not high quality, employees employed in the largely engineering and technical personnel or specially trained professionals, the vast majority of workers should not have the basic knowledge and skills should be the farmers, these farmers workers with low educational level, and mobility, their owners unable to carry out training. In mining, the owners specifications but not by virtue of the so-called experience in command of operations, illegal business and production, safety and labor protection measures is poor, as a trifling matter as the lives of workers, for money to life.

2.3 The serious shortage of inputs, illegal operations

Quarry owners in order to reduce production cost, without the necessary inputs, the extensive use of artificial in the more primitive mining, technology and poorly equipped. Quarries were not in accordance with the safety of all the "three simultaneous" requirement construction, mining is not carried out in phases from top to bottom, in violation of operating rules with the desktop rigs drilling horizontal or from the bottom up; Blasters illegal explosive facilities, dig holes explosion or blow out "the umbrella canopy." Longitudinal individual owners in the bottom of the dig rock mining, large umbrella canopies and rock panels hanging in the air, hundreds of cubic meters of large, on the following operating workers could well be "relentless" trend, rain and more sunny weather is very likely to collapse and fall, similar incidents occurred in succession.

2.4 The quarry is not to limit the scale of investment

More than one certificate or a mining exploration permit exploitation of the many aspects of small quarries abound. Small quarry owners are often more than ten million investment, employment, two dozen people mill around the mining and processing, simply can not achieve the scale and regulate exploitation of the quarry boundaries. Because it is dynamic and can not control, interference, resulting in difficult to resolve disputes, mining neighbors are not synchronized, the formation of security risks.

Lack of effective supervision and management 2.5

According to the current safety laws, regulations and departmental rules, safety enforcement body for the Government and relevant departments above the county level, the township government can only engage in the general inspection, not on the quarry and other rural enterprises to carry out safety production law enforcement investigation .

The quarry over a broad area, county (district) level departments are personnel, equipment, and institutional constraints, difficult to implement regular, effective supervision and management, the township government can not be investigated, resulting in a quarry safety regulatory loopholes .